Electrical properties of bulk and nano Li<sub>2</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> ceramics:A comparative study

doi:10.1007/s40145-014-0094-0

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Abstract

Nanocrystalline and bulk Li₂TiO₃ having monoclinic structure were prepared by mechanical alloying as well as conventional ceramic route. Complex impedance analysis in the frequency range of 100 Hz–1 MHz over a wide range of temperature (50–500 ℃) indicates the presence of grain boundary effect along with the bulk contribution. The frequency-dependent conductivity plots exhibit power law dependence, suggesting three types of conduction in the material: low-frequency (100 Hz–1 kHz) conductivity showing long-range translational motion of electrons (frequency independent), mid-frequency (1–10 kHz) conductivity showing short-range hopping of charge carriers and high-frequency (10 kHz–1 MHz) conductivity showing conduction due to localized orientation of hopping mechanism. The electrical conductivity measurement of nanocrystalline and bulk Li₂TiO₃ with temperature shows the negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) behavior. The activation energy (0.77 eV for nano sample and 0.88 eV for bulk sample) study shows the conduction mechanism in both samples. The low activation energies of the samples suggest the presence of singly ionized oxygen vacancies in the conduction process.

Key words： nanocrystalline complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) AC conductivity X-ray diffraction (XRD)

Received: 08 September 2013 Published: 12 June 2015

Corresponding Authors: Umasankar DASH

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	Umasankar DASH
	Subhanarayan SAHOO
	Paritosh CHAUDHURI
	S. K. S. PARASHAR
	Kajal PARASHAR

Cite this article:

Umasankar DASH,Subhanarayan SAHOO,Paritosh CHAUDHURI, et al. Electrical properties of bulk and nano Li₂TiO₃ ceramics:A comparative study[J]. Journal of Advanced Ceramics, 2014, 3(2): 89-97.

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http://jac.tsinghuajournals.com/EN/10.1007/s40145-014-0094-0 OR http://jac.tsinghuajournals.com/EN/Y2014/V3/I2/89

XRD patterns of Li₂TiO₃: (a) bulk and (b) nanocrystalline.

DSC and TGA curves of the 10-h milled sample.

SEM micrographs of Li₂TiO₃: (a) bulk and (b) nanocrystalline.

Z′) and imaginary (Z″) parts of complex impedance of Li₂TiO₃ at different temperatures: (a) bulk and (b) nanocrystalline .">

Variations of real (Z′) and imaginary (Z″) parts of complex impedance of Li₂TiO₃ at different temperatures: (a) bulk and (b) nanocrystalline .

Z′) of complex impedance of Li₂TiO₃ with logf at different temperatures: (a) bulk and (b) nanocrystalline.">

Variations of real part (Z′) of complex impedance of Li₂TiO₃ with logf at different temperatures: (a) bulk and (b) nanocrystalline.

Z″) of complex impedance of Li₂TiO₃ with logf at different temperatures: (a) bulk and (b) nanocrystalline.">

Variations of imaginary part (Z″) of complex impedance of Li₂TiO₃ with logf at different temperatures: (a) bulk and (b) nanocrystalline.

Variations of AC conductivity of Li₂TiO₃ with logf at different temperatures: (a) bulk and (b) nanocrystalline.

Arrhenius plots of AC conductivity of Li₂TiO₃: (a) bulk and (b) nanocrystalline.

Variations of DC conductivity of bulk and nanocrystalline Li₂TiO₃ with inverse of temperature.

Bulk resistance (R_b), bulk capacitance (C_b) and relaxation frequency (f₀) of Li₂TiO₃ nanoceramic sample and ωR_bC_b as product

Variation of real part of modulus of Li₂TiO₃ with logf at different temperatures: (a) bulk and (b) nanocrystalline.

Variation of imaginary part of modulus of Li₂TiO₃ with logf at different temperatures: (a) bulk and (b) nanocrystalline.

Complex modulus plot of Li₂TiO₃ at different temperatures: (a) bulk and (b) nanocrystalline.

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