Abstract：Hankou was an important port city in modern times, and railways, as its main mode of external transportation, had a
profound impact on urban development. Historical maps can be used to analyze the evolution of spatial elements, trace
the historical development of cities, and play an important role in inheriting historical context. This article uses digital
translation methods such as vector extraction, layer classification, and data comparison on historical maps of different
time stages, combined with other auxiliary textual materials, to restore the historical form of Hankou City. Based on the
theory of urban morphology, the relevant principles of digital simulation analysis such as kernel density and integration
degree, GIS, and spatial syntax are used, and a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods are used
to explore the interactive process of railway and urban development. The evolution process, mechanism, and results of
Hankou City form under the influence of modern railways are summarized.
